求助:debian下如何安装显卡驱动?

darks

感觉这个版面高手很多啊.怎么这么一个简单的问题没人回答呢?再发一次求救信息..等待高手解答啊....
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置顶帖子里面有说2.6要这么安装.
apt-get install nvidia-glx nvidia-kernel-common nvidia-kernel-2.6.0-1-686( or
nvidia-kernel-2.6.0-1-k7)
但是我apt-get install nvidia-glx不成功啊.提示说安装失败...为啥啊?
我的内核是kernel-2.6.16-1-686.
还有啊.有没有高手详细的写一个说明啊?比如一步一步的怎么弄...

d00m3d

请把错误信息贴出来看

azhoulinux

nvidia总结如下：
1 nvidia 显卡需要和 kernel 对应 kernel-header:
比如:azhoulinux@debianer:~$ apt-cache search kernel-headers
comedi-source - Comedi kernel module source
dazuko-source - source for the Dazuko driver
kernel-headers-2.4.27-2 - Header files related to Linux kernel version 2.4.27
kernel-headers-2.4.27-2-386 - Linux 2.4.27 kernel headers for 386
kernel-headers-2.4.27-2-586tsc - Linux 2.4.27 kernel headers for Pentium-Classic
kernel-headers-2.4.27-2-686 - Linux 2.4.27 kernel headers for PPro/Celeron/PII/PIII/P4
kernel-headers-2.4.27-2-686-smp - Linux 2.4.27 kernel headers for PPro/Celeron/PII/PIII/P4 SMP
kernel-headers-2.4.27-2-k6 - Linux 2.4.27 kernel headers for AMD K6/K6-II/K6-III
kernel-headers-2.4.27-2-k7 - Linux 2.4.27 kernel headers for AMD K7
kernel-headers-2.4.27-2-k7-smp - Linux 2.4.27 kernel headers for AMD K7 SMP
kernel-package - A utility for building Linux kernel related Debian packages.
linux-headers-2.6.15-1-486 - Header files for Linux kernel 2.6.15 on 486-class machines
linux-headers-2.6.15-1-686 - Header files for Linux kernel 2.6.15 on PPro/Celeron/PII/PIII/P4 machines
linux-headers-2.6.15-1-686-smp - Header files for Linux kernel 2.6.15 on PPro/Celeron/PII/PIII/P4 SMP machines
linux-headers-2.6.15-1-k7 - Header files for Linux kernel 2.6.15 on AMD K7 machines
linux-headers-2.6.15-1-k7-smp - Header files for Linux kernel 2.6.15 on AMD K7 SMP machines
linux-kernel-headers - Linux Kernel Headers for development
rt2400-source - RT2400 wireless network drivers source
rt2500-source - RT2500 wireless network drivers source
ieee80211-source - Source for the 802.11 (wireless) network stack for Linux
kernel-headers-2.4-386 - Linux kernel headers for version 2.4 on 386
kernel-headers-2.4-586tsc - Linux kernel headers for version 2.4 on Pentium-Classic
kernel-headers-2.4-686 - Linux kernel headers for version 2.4 on PPro/Celeron/PII/PIII/P4
kernel-headers-2.4-686-smp - Linux kernel headers for version 2.4 on PPro/Celeron/PII/PIII/P4 SMP
kernel-headers-2.4-k6 - Linux kernel headers for version 2.4 on  K6/K6-II/K6-III
kernel-headers-2.4-k7 - Linux kernel headers for version 2.4 on AMD K7
kernel-headers-2.4-k7-smp - Linux kernel headers for version 2.4 on AMD K7 SMP
kernel-headers-2.4.27-speakup - Header files related to Linux kernel version 2.4.27-speakup
linux-headers-2.6.16-1-486 - Header files for Linux kernel 2.6.16 on 486-class machines
linux-headers-2.6.16-1-686 - Header files for Linux kernel 2.6.16 on PPro/Celeron/PII/PIII/P4 machines
linux-headers-2.6.16-1-686-smp - Header files for Linux kernel 2.6.16 on PPro/Celeron/PII/PIII/P4 SMP machines
linux-headers-2.6.16-1-k7 - Header files for Linux kernel 2.6.16 on AMD K7 machines
linux-headers-2.6.16-1-k7-smp - Header files for Linux kernel 2.6.16 on AMD K7 SMP machines
linux-headers-2.6.16-1-vserver-686 - Header files for Linux kernel 2.6.16 on PPro/Celeron/PII/PIII/P4 machines
linux-headers-2.6.16-1-vserver-k7 - Header files for Linux kernel 2.6.16 on AMD K7 machines
linux-headers-2.6.16-1-xen-686 - Header files for Linux kernel 2.6.16 on PPro/Celeron/PII/PIII/P4 machines
linux-headers-2.6.16-1-xen-k7 - Header files for Linux kernel 2.6.16 on AMD K7 machines
linux-headers-2.6.16-1-xen-vserver-686 - Header files for Linux kernel 2.6.16 on PPro/Celeron/PII/PIII/P4 machines
acx100-source - ACX100/ACX111 wireless network drivers source
ipw2100-source - source for the ipw2100 driver
对应版本apt-get install一个

2 需要与核心对应的编译器:gcc 还有其他编译环境:make等(你或者apt-get install
build-essential - informational list of build-essential packages
)
这里特别要注意:gcc版本和kernel版本要对应:比如2.6.8是gcc3.4编译的 2.6.15是4.0编译的,查看kernel用什么编译:使用"dmesg|less",第一段就是了,如下:
Linux version 2.6.15-1-686 (Debian 2.6.15-8) (waldi@debian.org) (gcc version 4.0.3 20060212 (prerelease) (Debian 4.0.2-9)) #2 Mon Mar 6 15:27:08 UTC 2006
(表示用gcc4.0.3编译的,所以gcc要使用gcc-4.0来编译nvidia驱动)

3 不过这样编译nvidia 显卡可能还是有问题，缺少一个头文件，需要libc-dev,
azhoulinux@debianer:~$ apt-cache search libc-dev
dietlibc-dev - diet libc - a libc optimized for small size
libklibc-dev - kernel headers used during the build of klibc
libc6-dev - GNU C Library: Development Libraries and Header Files
libuclibc-dev - A small implementation of the C library
uclibc-toolchain - A compiler wrapper for uClibc

所以 apt-get libc6-dev,

4 编译还有可能有问题，提示：“cc”不在你的PATH，不过根据提示：
我这样做：ln -s gcc-version(具体看情况) cc;
最后编译就都好了。

所以nvidia编译条件如下：
1 对应核心，下载headers, Header files related to Linux kernel version
apt-get install linux-headers-xxx-xx
2 gcc The GNU C compiler 注意版本 ：
apt-get install gcc-version
3 安装GNU C Library: Development Libraries and Header Files
libc6-dev
4 ln -s gcc-version gcc
ln -s  gcc-version cc (不一定必要)


说实话,兄弟,有问题多多baidu,google,不要老想着别人能都帮你做好,除非他是你亲戚.
  
严重声明:"我不是"

补充一点:
1 azhoulinux@debianer:~$ apt-cache search ^build-essential
build-essential - informational list of build-essential packages

azhoulinux@debianer:~$ dpkg -p build-essential
Package: build-essential
Priority: optional
Section: devel
Installed-Size: 20
Maintainer: Matthias Klose <doko@debian.org>
Architecture: i386
Version: 11.2
Depends: libc6-dev | libc-dev, gcc (>= 4:4.0.2-2), g++ (>= 4:4.0.2-2), make, dpkg-dev (>= 1.13.5)
Size: 6916
Description: informational list of build-essential packages
If you do not plan to build Debian packages, you don't need this
package.  Moreover this package is not required for building Debian
packages.
.
This package contains an informational list of packages which are
considered essential for building Debian packages.  This package also
depends on the packages on that list, to make it easy to have the
build-essential packages installed.
.
If you have this package installed, you only need to install whatever
a package specifies as its build-time dependencies to build the
package.  Conversely, if you are determining what your package needs
to build-depend on, you can always leave out the packages this
package depends on.
.
This package is NOT the definition of what packages are
build-essential; the real definition is in the Debian Policy Manual.
This package contains merely an informational list, which is all
most people need.   However, if this package and the manual disagree,
the manual is correct.

2 备份xorg.cof   cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.bak

抱歉,是补充两点

azhoulinux

关于gcc版本的指定,见如下贴:

http://www.linuxsir.cn/bbs/showthread.php?t=258665

关于gcc指定版本,你可看下面:
azhoulinux@debianer:/$ ls -la /usr/bin/cc
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 2006-05-09 16:22 /usr/bin/cc -> /etc/alternatives/cc
azhoulinux@debianer:/$ ls -la /etc/alternatives/cc
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 2006-05-26 18:06 /etc/alternatives/cc -> /usr/bin/gcc
azhoulinux@debianer:/$ ls -la /usr/bin/gcc
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 2006-05-26 18:05 /usr/bin/gcc -> gcc-4.0
azhoulinux@debianer:/$ ls -la /usr/bin/gcc-4.0
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 93712 2006-05-08 03:31 /usr/bin/gcc-4.0
azhoulinux@debianer:/$ ls -la /usr/bin/gcc-*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 84944 2006-03-07 10:42 /usr/bin/gcc-3.4
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 93712 2006-05-08 03:31 /usr/bin/gcc-4.0
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 181956 2006-05-11 16:01 /usr/bin/gcc-4.1

我有gcc三个版本,没什么问题,你主要把gcc链结到指定的版本就行了:
比如:ln -s /usr/bin/gcc-4.1 /usr/bin/gcc

azhoulinux

还有是用root来 sh NVIDIA-Linux-x86-1.0-8762-pkg1.run
必须在纯终端下,也就是kdm,gdm都没有启动,没有进入图形界面

heziyu

[转贴]安装nvidia显卡
作者: fiag

编译加载成功，多谢。
我的源是
deb http://debian.cn99.com/debian/ testing main contrib non-free
deb-src http://debian.cn99.com/debian/ testing main contrib non-free

deb http://mirrors.geekbone.org/debian/ testing main contrib non-free
deb-src http://mirrors.geekbone.org/debian/ testing main contrib non-free

deb http://security.debian.org/ testing/updates main

能找到这些包。

achaoge兄写的很简略。

这篇HOWTO很详全，介绍了好几种方法。
http://home.comcast.net/~andrex/Debi…tallation.html
我的步骤整理如下：
1.安装内核相对应的 kernel-headers
# apt-get install kernel-headers-$(uname -r)

2,安装 nvidia-kernel-source,安装 nvidia-kernel-common
# apt-get install nvidia-kernel-source nvidia-kernel-common

3,进入/usr/src，将nvidia-kernel-source解压
# cd /usr/src
# tar xzf nvidia-kernel-source.tar.gz

4,设变量
# cd modules/nvidia-kernel
# export KVERS=$(uname -r)
# export KSRC=/usr/src/kernel-headers-$KVERS

5.编译模块
# cd /usr/src/modules/nvidia-kernel
# debian/rules binary_modules

6.安装生成的deb包
# dpkg -i /usr/src/modules/nvidia-kernel-*.deb

7.安装NVIDIA glx
# apt-get install nvidia-glx

8.修改X配置
# editor /etc/X11/XF86Config-4

“Module” section
Load “glx”

删除”dri” “GLCore”模块的加载

“Device” section
Driver “nvidia”

9.添加video用户组
# addgroup –system video
# adduser $USER video

$USER 是用来看影视的用户名
系统似乎已经建立过video用户组了。
10.确保nvidia模块在内核启动时加载
# grep -q ^nvidia /etc/modules || echo nvidia >> /etc/modules

Isad

NVIDIDA网站上下的那个驱动默认是安装到XFREE86的目录中去的。我的debian升级之后，X变成了xorg的了。xorg不知道到以前xfree86的目录去启动那个驱动。本来想直接装NVIDIA驱动的debian包的，又有这样那样的依赖关系找不到包，没装成。于是我手工到xorg的目录下做个链接到安装xfree86的目录中的nvidia的驱动，就好了

nvidia驱动： (应该是这个，现在没在家里的机器上，记不太清）
/usr/X11R6/lib/modules/drivers/nvidia_so-10.8762
/usr/X11R6/lib/modules/extensions/glx_so (文件名大概是这样子）


xorg中驱动的目录：
/usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers
我手工做了2个链接：
#ln -s /usr/X11R6/lib/modules/drivers/nvidia_so-10.8762  
/usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/nvidia_so

#ln -s /usr/X11R6/lib/modules/drivers/glx_so-10.8762  
/usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/extensions/glx_so

然后，启动X，OK了。

cnbond

各位老大，我安装的时候出现下边的错误提示是怎么回事啊

ERROR: Unable to load the kernel module 'nvidia.ko'.  This happens most
       frequently when this kernel module was built against the wrong or
       improperly configured kernel sources, with a version of gcc that differs
       from the one used to build the target kernel, or if a driver such as
       rivafb/nvidiafb is present and prevents the NVIDIA kernel module from
       obtaining ownership of the NVIDIA graphics device(s).