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发表于 2006-3-4 16:36:34
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~~~~~~~~~~
(VMWare的部份散略了)
AUTHOR: youbest <youbest at sina.com>
DATE: 2006-02-16
LICENSE: ????
SYNOPSIS: The continuity and recovery of building environment in various LFS stages
DESCRIPTION: This hint will assist you to resume your building environment while you
are building your LFS system in various stages using LFS LiveCD as host system
PRIMARY URI: http://www.linuxsir.cn/bbs/showthread.php?t=242880
PREREQUISITES: LFS LiveCD-6.1.1-3
HINT:
Foreword
========
For those who have built their own LFS system more than once, they must be very "impressed" with the extremely long building time. In particular, if the computer configuration is not powerful, it is quite scary to learn about such lengthy building time.
Sometimes, you may be forced to shutdown or reboot the computer, which you may have to resume the previous working conditions before continuing the job. However, it is often panic to those who are not very familiar with the principles of LFS and find difficulties in resuming their previous building environment. To avoid this from happening, they are often keep the computer running for several days until the whole LFS task is finished.
I have studied this problem and intended to share my works on how to keep the continuity of the building process based on my own experiences. Every steps are verified carefully and should be correct. Hope that this hint may assist those who are building their own LFS system and relief some of their "pains".
Throughout the article, sda is block device being used. sda1 is being used as swap and sda2 is the partition for building LFS.
The following procedures are based on sections in LFS6.1.1-3, if you use a different version of LFS-Book, the section number may be also different, please refer to the sub-heading of each section in such case.
From beginning to Section 4.4 Setting up the Environment
========================================================
There is nothing valuable, you may simply restart the process from the very beginning.
From section 4.5 About SBUs to section 5.33 Stripping
=====================================================
Below are the steps to resume the building environment during any steps from section 4.5 till the end of Chapter 5:
1. Restart computer and boot from LiveCD
2. Mount your lfs partition
export LFS=/mnt/lfs
mkdir -pv $LFS
mount /dev/sda2 $LFS
3. Mount your swap partition (skip this step if you do not use any swap partitions)
swapon /dev/sda1
4. Establish symbolic link for toolchain
ln -sv $LFS/tools /
5. Create lfs account
groupadd lfs
useradd -s /bin/bash -g lfs -m -k /dev/null lfs
passwd lfs
chown -v lfs $LFS/tools
chown -v lfs $LFS/sources
su - lfs
6. Define the lfs user profile
cat > ~/.bash_profile << "EOF"
exec env -i HOME=$HOME TERM=$TERM PS1='\u:\w\$ ' /bin/bash
EOF
cat > ~/.bashrc << "EOF"
set +h
umask 022
LFS=/mnt/lfs
LC_ALL=POSIX
PATH=/tools/bin:/bin:/usr/bin
export LFS LC_ALL PATH
EOF
source ~/.bash_profile
7. Verify the environment variables
export //the export command should output the following:
declare -x HOME="/home/lfs"
declare -x LC_ALL=" OSIX"
declare -x LFS="/mnt/lfs"
declare -x OLDPWD
declare -x PATH="/tools/bin:/bin:/usr/bin"
declare -x PS1="\\u:\\w\\\$ "
declare -x PWD="/home/lfs"
declare -x SHLVL="1"
declare -x TERM="linux"
If you get these variables correct, then you have already resumed your building environment.
Section 6.1 Introduction
========================
At this point, you are probably tired and prefer to shutdown your computer for a rest. Steps to resume the building environment are:
1. Restart computer and boot from LiveCD
2. Mount your lfs partition
export LFS=/mnt/lfs
mkdir -pv $LFS
mount /dev/sda2 $LFS
3. Mount your swap partition (skip this step if you do not use any swap partitions)
swapon /dev/sda1
Remark:
At this point, the toolchain is already built up in the previous chapters, it is not
necessary to create the symbolic link for the /tools directory again.
From section 6.2. Mounting Virtual Kernel File Systems to section 6.8. Populating /dev
======================================================================================
At this point, if you reboot or shutdown your computer. Steps to resume the building environment are:
1. Restart computer and boot from LiveCD
2. Mount your lfs partition
export LFS=/mnt/lfs
mkdir -pv $LFS
mount /dev/sda2 $LFS
3. Mount your swap partition (skip this step if you do not use any swap partitions)
swapon /dev/sda1
4. Mount the virtual kernel filesystems
mount -vt proc proc $LFS/proc
mount -vt sysfs sysfs $LFS/sys
5. Entering the chroot environment
chroot "$LFS" /tools/bin/env -i \
HOME=/root TERM="$TERM" PS1='\u:\w\$ ' \
PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/tools/bin \
/tools/bin/bash --login +h
From section 6.9. Linux-Libc-Headers-2.6.11.2 to section 6.37. Bash-3.0
=======================================================================
From this point to the end of Bash-3.0 (before File-4.13) in Chapter 6, at any moment if you reboot or shutdown your computer. Steps to resume the building environment are:
1. Restart computer and boot from LiveCD
2. Mount your lfs partition
export LFS=/mnt/lfs
mkdir -pv $LFS
mount /dev/sda2 $LFS
3. Mount your swap partition (skip this step if you do not use any swap partitions)
swapon /dev/sda1
4. Mount the virtual kernel filesystems
mount -vt proc proc $LFS/proc
mount -vt sysfs sysfs $LFS/sys
5. Entering the chroot environment
chroot "$LFS" /tools/bin/env -i \
HOME=/root TERM="$TERM" PS1='\u:\w\$ ' \
PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/tools/bin \
/tools/bin/bash --login +h
6. Populating /dev
mount -nvt tmpfs none /dev
mknod -m 622 /dev/console c 5 1
mknod -m 666 /dev/null c 1 3
mknod -m 666 /dev/zero c 1 5
mknod -m 666 /dev/ptmx c 5 2
mknod -m 666 /dev/tty c 5 0
mknod -m 444 /dev/random c 1 8
mknod -m 444 /dev/urandom c 1 9
chown -v root:tty /dev/{console,ptmx,tty}
ln -sv /proc/self/fd /dev/fd
ln -sv /proc/self/fd/0 /dev/stdin
ln -sv /proc/self/fd/1 /dev/stdout
ln -sv /proc/self/fd/2 /dev/stderr
ln -sv /proc/kcore /dev/core
mkdir -v /dev/pts
mkdir -v /dev/shm
mount -vt devpts -o gid=4,mode=620 none /dev/pts
mount -vt tmpfs none /dev/shm
7. Entering your working directory
cd /sources
From 6.38. File-4.13 to section 6.58. Udev-056
==============================================
From this point to Udev-056 in Chapter 6, at any moment if you reboot or shutdown your computer. Steps to resume the building environment are:
1. Restart computer and boot from LiveCD
2. Mount your lfs partition
export LFS=/mnt/lfs
mkdir -pv $LFS
mount /dev/sda2 $LFS
3. Mount your swap partition (skip this step if you do not use any swap partitions)
swapon /dev/sda1
4. Mount the virtual kernel filesystems
mount -vt proc proc $LFS/proc
mount -vt sysfs sysfs $LFS/sys
5. Entering the chroot environment
chroot "$LFS" /tools/bin/env -i \
HOME=/root TERM="$TERM" PS1='\u:\w\$ ' \
PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/tools/bin \
/bin/bash --login +h
6. Populating /dev
mount -nvt tmpfs none /dev
mknod -m 622 /dev/console c 5 1
mknod -m 666 /dev/null c 1 3
mknod -m 666 /dev/zero c 1 5
mknod -m 666 /dev/ptmx c 5 2
mknod -m 666 /dev/tty c 5 0
mknod -m 444 /dev/random c 1 8
mknod -m 444 /dev/urandom c 1 9
chown -v root:tty /dev/{console,ptmx,tty}
ln -sv /proc/self/fd /dev/fd
ln -sv /proc/self/fd/0 /dev/stdin
ln -sv /proc/self/fd/1 /dev/stdout
ln -sv /proc/self/fd/2 /dev/stderr
ln -sv /proc/kcore /dev/core
mkdir -v /dev/pts
mkdir -v /dev/shm
mount -vt devpts -o gid=4,mode=620 none /dev/pts
mount -vt tmpfs none /dev/shm
7. Entering your working directory
cd /sources
From section 6.59. Util-linux-2.12q to section 6.60. About Debugging Symbols
============================================================================
From this point to Stripping Again in Chapter 6, at any moment if you reboot or
shutdown your computer. Steps to resume the building environment are:
1. Restart computer and boot from LiveCD
2. Mount your lfs partition
export LFS=/mnt/lfs
mkdir -pv $LFS
mount /dev/sda2 $LFS
3. Mount your swap partition (skip this step if you do not use any swap partitions)
swapon /dev/sda1
4. Mount the virtual kernel filesystems
mount -vt proc proc $LFS/proc
mount -vt sysfs sysfs $LFS/sys
5. Entering the chroot environment
chroot "$LFS" /tools/bin/env -i \
HOME=/root TERM="$TERM" PS1='\u:\w\$ ' \
PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/tools/bin \
/bin/bash --login +h
6. Populating /dev
mount -nvt tmpfs none /dev
/sbin/udevstart
mkdir -v /dev/pts
mkdir -v /dev/shm
mount -vt devpts -o gid=4,mode=620 none /dev/pts
mount -vt tmpfs none /dev/shm
7. Entering your working directory
cd /sources
Section 6.61. Stripping Again
=============================
If you reboot your computer at this moment, steps to resume the building
environment are:
1. Restart computer and boot from LiveCD
2. Mount your lfs partition
export LFS=/mnt/lfs
mkdir -pv $LFS
mount /dev/sda2 $LFS
3. Mount your swap partition (skip this step if you do not use any swap partitions)
swapon /dev/sda1
4. Mount the virtual kernel filesystems
mount -vt proc proc $LFS/proc
mount -vt sysfs sysfs $LFS/sys
5. Entering the chroot environment
chroot $LFS /tools/bin/env -i \
HOME=/root TERM=$TERM PS1='\u:\w\$ ' \
PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin \
/tools/bin/bash --login
6. Populating /dev
mount -nvt tmpfs none /dev
/sbin/udevstart
mkdir -v /dev/pts
mkdir -v /dev/shm
mount -vt devpts -o gid=4,mode=620 none /dev/pts
mount -vt tmpfs none /dev/shm
7. Entering your working directory
cd /sources
From section 6.62. Cleaning Up to The End
=========================================
From this point till the end of the whole LFS build. Steps to resume the building
environment are:
1. Restart computer and boot from LiveCD
2. Mount your lfs partition
export LFS=/mnt/lfs
mkdir -pv $LFS
mount /dev/sda2 $LFS
3. Mount your swap partition (skip this step if you do not use any swap partitions)
swapon /dev/sda1
4. Mount the virtual kernel filesystems
mount -vt proc proc $LFS/proc
mount -vt sysfs sysfs $LFS/sys
5. Entering the chroot environment
chroot "$LFS" /usr/bin/env -i \
HOME=/root TERM="$TERM" PS1='\u:\w\$ ' \
PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin \
/bin/bash --login
6. Populating /dev
mount -nvt tmpfs none /dev
/sbin/udevstart
mkdir -v /dev/pts
mkdir -v /dev/shm
mount -vt devpts -o gid=4,mode=620 none /dev/pts
mount -vt tmpfs none /dev/shm
7. Entering your working directory
cd /sources |
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