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发表于 2004-8-1 14:28:59
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下面是rp-pppoe的howto connect
看了看,不过好像没有提到如何在拨号成功后,执行一些命令和断线后重新拨号
- # LIC: GPL
- $Id: HOW-TO-CONNECT,v 1.3 2002/04/09 17:28:38 dfs Exp $
- This package lets you connect a Linux machine to Sympatico HSE or Magma's
- high-speed service using a Nortel 1-meg modem.
- Follow these steps and you should have your high-speed service up and running.
- 0. Install the rp-pppoe-software
- --------------------------------
- You should have already done this by the time you're reading this. If not,
- go back and read README.
- 1. Set up your Ethernet hardware
- --------------------------------
- First, make sure the Ethernet card you intend to use with the modem is
- visible to the Linux kernel. Just how to do this is beyond the scope
- of this document. However, if the card is the only Ethernet card in
- the system, executing:
- ifconfig eth0
- should display something like this:
- eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:60:67:62:31:D4
- plust some more lines. Your HWaddr will be different. As long as you see
- the HWaddr line, your card should be working.
- DO NOT assign an IP address to the Ethernet card. DO NOT configure the
- card to come up at boot time.
- 2. Configure various files
- --------------------------
- Several files need editing. The easiest way to do this is to run
- the following command as root:
- adsl-setup
- Answer the questions and you should be all set. If you want to know what
- goes on behind the scenes, continue reading this document. If you don't
- care and your connection works, stop reading. :-)
- 3. Edit pap-secrets
- -------------------
- Edit the "pap-secrets" file, inserting your proper user-ID and password.
- Install the file (or copy the relevant lines) to /etc/ppp/pap-secrets.
- Your ISP may use CHAP authentication. In this case, add the line to
- /etc/ppp/chap-secrets.
- 4. Edit /etc/ppp/pppoe.conf
- -----------------------------
- The file /etc/ppp/pppoe.conf contains configuration information for the
- ADSL connection. You need to edit the following items:
- - Change ETH=eth1 to the correct Ethernet device for your modem.
- - Change USER=bxxxnxnx@sympatico.ca to your proper ADSL user-ID.
- Don't edit any of the other settings unless you're an expert.
- 5. Set up DNS
- -------------
- If you are using DNS servers supplied by your ISP, edit the file
- /etc/resolv.conf to contain these lines:
- nameserver ip_addr_of_first_dns_server
- nameserver ip_addr_of_second_dns_server
- For example:
- nameserver 204.101.251.1
- nameserver 204.101.251.2
- 6. Firewall your machine
- ------------------------
- MAKE SURE YOU FIREWALL YOUR MACHINE. A sample firewall script is given
- in the shell script "firewall" To install the script:
- a) Copy it to /etc/rc.d/init.d/firewall
- b) Type: chkconfig firewall on
- c) Start the firewall: sh /etc/rc.d/init.d/firewall start
- (The above procedure works ONLY on Red Hat-like systems.)
- You may want to tweak the script somewhat.
- 7. Bring up the connection at boot time
- ---------------------------------------
- On a Red Hat system, the installation procedure should have installed
- a script called /etc/rc.d/init.d/adsl. To bring up the connection
- at boot time, just type this command as root:
- chkconfig --add adsl
- On non-Red-Hat systems, add this line to the end
- of /etc/rc.d/rc.local:
- /usr/sbin/adsl-start
- 8. Configure LAN Hosts
- ----------------------
- If you have a LAN behind the firewall, you have to lower the TCP
- maximum segment size from the normal 1460 to 1452 (or better, 1412.)
- You have two options: Either set the MTU of all the interfaces on
- other hosts on the LAN to 1452, or use the "-m 1412" option to pppoe.
- The "-m" option for pppoe is far simpler and makes it easier to add
- hosts to the LAN, but consumes some extra CPU time.
- If you want to manually configure the LAN hosts, here's how:
- In Linux, use: "ifconfig eth0 mtu 1452". For best results, put this
- in an /etc/rc.d/rc.local script.
- For Windows, machines, see [url]http://lan.cns.ksu.edu/OS/WIN95/slip95.htm.[/url]
- Set the MaxMTU to 1452.
- 9. Commands to control the ADSL link
- ------------------------------------
- As root, bring up the link by typing: adsl-start
- As root, bring down the link by typing: adsl-stop
- That's it!
- --
- David F. Skoll <dfs@roaringpenguin.com> | Roaring Penguin Software Inc.
- [url]http://www.roaringpenguin.com[/url] | Linux and UNIX Specialists
- PROBLEMS! DAVE, IT DOESN'T WORK!
- ---------------------------------
- Here are some problems PPPoE users have encountered.
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- A) Can't see the Ethernet interface
- Well, I can't really help you here. To use these instructions, you must
- have Linux working to the point where it recognizes your Ethernet card.
- If you type "ifconfig ethx" and you get back a HWAddr value, your Ethernet
- card is probably OK. But I really can't help with hardware configuration
- issues.
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- B) Connection seems to come up, but I can't browse the web or ping anything
- You probably don't have DNS set up. See step 6.
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- C) Can't compile PPPoE
- I have only tested compilation on 2.2-kernel machines. Make sure you have
- "make", the C compiler and all development header files installed.
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- D) pppd complains about (i) "unknown option pty" or (ii) "pty option precludes
- specifying device name"
- (i) Your pppd is too old. You need at least 2.3.7.
- (ii) Your /etc/ppp/options file is not empty. Empty it!
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- E) pppoe dies with the log message "Message too long"
- You set the MTU of the Ethernet interface connected to the ADSL modem
- to less than 1500. Don't do that.
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- F) Internal hosts can't see the Internet
- Do you have masquerading set up? I can't help you in great detail, but
- see the IPCHAINS-HOWTO and the IP-Masquerade mini-HOWTO.
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- G) Authentication fails
- Make sure you have the right secret in /etc/ppp/pap-secrets. Your ISP
- may be using CHAP; it won't hurt to copy the line to /etc/ppp/chap-secrets.
- Also, MAKE SURE that /etc/ppp/options is EMPTY. The "adsl-connect" script
- supplies all required options on the command line; additional options
- in /etc/ppp/options may mess things up.
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- H) VPN software does not work
- If you are using VPN software on a Windows or Linux machine with another
- Linux machine running PPPoE as the gateway, you MUST NOT use the "-m" option
- to pppoe. This alters IP packets, which will break any VPN which uses IPSec.
- In /etc/ppp/pppoe.conf, set CLAMPMSS to "no". You'll also have to reduce
- the MTU on the hosts behind the gateway to 1452.
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- I) I can browse some web sites just fine, but others stall forever.
- There is probably a buggy router or firewall between you and the Web server.
- One possible workaround: In /etc/ppp/pppoe.conf, find the line which reads:
- CLAMPMSS=1412
- Try lowering the 1412 until it works (go down in steps of 100 or so.) Each
- time you lower the value, you have to restart your connection like this:
- adsl-stop; adsl-start
- This should work around buggy routers which do not support Path MTU discovery.
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- J) Whenever I connect using ADSL, my internal LAN no longer sees the gateway
- You are more than likely running a 2.0.X Linux kernel. To solve this
- problem, give the Ethernet card connected to the DSL modem a fake IP
- address. For example, if eth0 is your internal LAN card and eth1 goes to
- the DSL modem, do something like this:
- ifconfig eth1 10.0.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.0
- (You may have to choose a different IP address; experiment.)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- K) How can I run a script every time I connect and get a new IP address?
- Put the script in /etc/ppp/ip-up. See the pppd(8) man page.
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- L) Nothing works!
- You may need to put your Ethernet card in half-duplex, 10Mb/s mode to
- work with the DSL modem. You may have to run a DOS program to do this,
- or pass special parameters to the Linux driver.
- Some providers object to attempts to set the MRU or MTU. Try removing
- "mtu 1492 mru 1492" from PPP_STD_OPTIONS in the adsl-connect script.
- This problem has been seen with an ISP in Hong Kong.
- Your DSL provider may be using non-standard PPPoE frames or require
- something special in the Service-Name field. If you have two computers,
- you can try sniffing out these values with the "pppoe-sniff" program.
- Type "man pppoe-sniff" for details. If you don't have two computers,
- you'll have to ask your DSL provider if it uses non-standard PPPoE frames
- or special Service-Name fields. Good luck getting an answer...
- If pppoe-sniff indicates that nothing is amiss, make sure the Ethernet
- card associated with the ADSL modem does NOT have a valid IP address.
- (NOTE: For 2.0 kernels, you may have to give it a fake IP address
- which is not on your internal subnet. Something like 192.168.42.42
- might work if you are not using 192.168.42.*)
- If you are using synchronous PPP on a slow machine, try switching to
- asynchronous PPP.
- Make sure no entries in the routing table go through the Ethernet card
- connected to the ADSL modem. You might want to add these lines in
- adsl-connect:
- ifconfig ethx down
- ifconfig ethx up mtu 1500
- which should reset things to sane values.
- #######################################################################
- # WHEN ALL ELSE FAILS: #
- #######################################################################
- If you are completely unable to connect, run the adsl-start script in
- debugging mode. If you are using bash as your shell (if you don't
- know what your shell is, it's probably bash), type this:
- DEBUG=1 adsl-start
- In tcsh or csh, use:
- setenv DEBUG 1; adsl-start
- Then follow the instructions to mail the debugging file to me. PLEASE
- DON'T DO THIS until you have exhausted all other avenues; rp-pppoe is
- free software and it costs me time and money to help people with
- problems. While I don't mind doing this, I do mind it if you don't
- make an effort to fix the problem yourself first.
- WARNING: If you run adsl-start in debugging mode and you manage to
- connect, your connection will be extremely slow and huge amounts of
- data will quickly fill your /tmp directory. Do not use debugging mode
- unless you really cannot get your connection to work.
- Be aware that debugging mode produces hex dumps which potentially reveal
- your user name and password. If the debugging output includes packets
- labeled "PPPOE Session", you may wish to remove these packets from the
- dump before mailing it to me.
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发表于 2004-7-31 19:14:34
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